The national park Alejandro de Humboldt is located in the mountain group Sagua - Moa – Baracoa, in the provinces of Holguin and Guantanamo.For its biodiversity and endemic value and for its conservation level it constitutes the main nucleus of the biosphere reservation Cuchillas del Toa and is proposed as site of world patrimony.

The national park Alejandro de Humbolt has always been a territory not frequently used by man. From the pre-Columbian period there is only one archeological site, located in the costal zone Aguas Verdes. In the XVIII and XIX centuries some hidden places were used as shelter for fugitive slaves know as cimarrones.